Steam turbine



Nov. 26, 1929. J. J. PROVOST STEAM TURBINE Filed Sept. 26, 1928 2Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR 85a wxrncssiaag/nmw ATTORNEY Nov. 26, 1929.

J. J. PROVOST ,smmw TURBINE Filed Sept. 26. 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 26, 1929 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE STEAMTURBINE Application filed September 26, 1928.- Serial No. 308,553.

7 m a rotor mounted on a main shaft 'ournaled in a housing which isprovided with an annular series of fixed blades, vanes, or buckets, saidrotor including radially extending elements mounting turbine wheelscooperating in a special manner with the fixed blades in the housing,with means for driving the S1121 ft from the turbine wheels.

A further object is to provide in a structure of this character, radialturbine-mounting elements having gear wheels fixed thereon forengagement with stationary annular racks at points diametricallyopposite the points where the turbine wheels receive their impulseincident to the expansive force of the steam which is discharged againstthe blades, after having been admitted thru the shaft of the rotor, andthru a port extending to the outer portion of the rotor.

lVith the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention consists inthe novel construction and arrangement of elements described,illustrated and claimed, it being understood that modifications may bemade within the scope of the claims without departing from the spirit ofthe invention.

In the drawings forming part of this application Figure 1 is a view ofthe unit 1n vertical section.

Figure 2 is a section on line 2-2 of Figure 1, and shows one of theaxial elements mounting a turbine wheel for cooperation with stationaryblades, and mounting a gear wheel for cooperation with a stationaryannular rack.

Figure 3 is a section on line 33 of Figure 1, and thru that portion ofthe rotor in which the steam discharge port or channel is provided. V

Figure 4 is a View showing one of the turbine wheels in elevation, withthat portion of the engine structure having the steam dis charge porttherein.

Figure 5 is a view of one of the stationary blades or vanes.

The housing of the unit includes the elements 10 and 12 having flanges13 and 14: con nected by bolts 15, the elements 10 and 12 be ingprovided with portions affording bearings at 16 and 17 for the mainshaft 18. The shaft or hub portion of the rotor at the point 19 isprovided with a bore 20 for admitting steam, which has been admitted tothe bore thru a connection 21, where provision may be made for aflexible oint, if desired. The steam passes thence into channel, bore oropening 22 and is discharged thru port 24.

The housing has mounted therein an annular element 25 secured as shownat 26 and having fixed blades 27 mounted therein in an annular series.These blades are of the special construction illustrated in Figure 5 andinclude the edge portions 28 and 29 and the curved portion 30 againstwhich the steam is discharged.

A plurality of turbine wheels 31 and 32 l are mounted on radial elements33'each having a reduced portion 34 engaged by the securing elementssuch as nuts 35. The blades or vanes 36 of the wheels cooperate directlywith the blades 27, in the mannershown at the left of Figure 1, and theexpansive force of the steam acts within the spaces formed between theelements 37 and the blades of the turbine wheels 31 and 32.

The axial elements 33, and especially the reduced end portions 34thereof also provide axes of rotation of the gear wheels 38 and 39formed with turbine wheels 31 and 32. The gear wheels just referred tomesh with annular racks 10 and 41', secured within the housing by asshown at 42. v

The points of engagement between gear wheels 38 and 39 and the racks 40and 11 are diametrically opposite the points where the turbine wheelsreceive their impulse due to the force of the steam jet, and the balanceobtained and the results secured provide maximum efliciency, foramaximum drive from the turbine wheels thru their axial elements to'theunitary structure carried by the main shaft 18, to be regarded as thedriving shaft of the unit described. The central element 45 of the rotoris formed with an means of any suitable devices annular groove 46 anddiverging walls 47 for close cooperation with the stationary blades andenclosing the major portion of the series thereof to prevent the escapeof steam except at the discharge point where it is deflected from theoppositely curved surfaces of the stationary and movable blades.

Having described the invention what is claimed is:

1. In a turbine engine, a housing, a shaft journaled therein, a rotorcarried rigidly by the shaft and including radial elements, turbinewheels mounted on the radial elements, an annular series ofstationaryblades in the housing with which the turbine wheels cooperate, saidrotor also including an annular device having a circumferential portionextending along the sides of the stationary blades, and means impartingrotary movement to the shaft from the turbine wheels and thru the radialelements of the rotor.

2. In a turbine engine, a housing, a shaft journaled therein, a rotorcarried rigidly by the shaft and including radial elements, turbinewheels mounted on the radial elements, and on axes perpendicular ,of theshaft, an annular series of stationary blades in the housing with whichthe turbine wheels cooperate by movement on opposite sides thereof, saidrotor including an annular device having a circumferential portionextending along the sides of the stationary blades at points remote fromthe impulse zone, and means imparting rotary. movement to the shaft fromthe turbine wheels and thru the radial elements of the rotor.

3. In a turbine engine, a housing, a shaft journaled therein, a rotorcarried rigidly by the shaft and including radial elements, turbineWheels mounted on the radial elements, an annular series of stationaryblades in the housing with whichthe turbine wheels cooperate, said rotoralso including an annular device having a circumferential portionextending along the sides of the stationary blades, this annular devicehaving a bore and discharge port for ejecting steam radially intoengagement with the stationary blades, and means imparting rotarymovement to the shaft from the turbine wheels and thru theradialelements of the rotor.

4:. In a turbine engine, a housing, a shaft journ'aled therein, a rotorcarried rigidly by the shaft and including radial elements, turbinewheels mounted on the radial elements, an annular series of stationaryblades in the housing with which the turbine wheels cooperate, saidrotor also including an annular device having a circumferential portionextending along the sides of the-stationary blades, and rack and gearmechanism for imparting rotary movement to the shaft from cooperate,said rotor including a circumferential roove and anenlarged centralportion enclosing the major portion of the blades of the annular seriesand cooperating therewith to prevent loss of steam, the steam beingdeflected laterally in opposite directions from the stationary blades onto the blades of theturbine wheels.

6. In a turbine engine, a shaft ionrnaled therein, a rotor carriedrigidly by the shaft turbine and including radial elements, wheelsmounted on, the radial elements, an

annular series of stationary blades in the housing withwhich the turbinewheels cooperate, the stationary and moving blades being oppositelydeflected, and means imparting rotary movement to the shaft from theturbine wheels'and thru the radial elements of the rotor.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

JAMES J UDSQN PROVOST.

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